NUR 502 Module 2 Discussion Contributing Factors That Put J.D. at Risk of Developing Iron Deficiency Anemia

Dehydration is a worry because of her three-year history of hypertension, which has been managed with a diuretic and antihypertensive medication. Dehydration and constipation may result from a fluid imbalance caused by increased frequency of urination and moderate incontinence. Long-term ibuprofen use because of a history of knee damage could be the cause of J.D.’s constipation.

Why Vitamin B12 and folic acid are important ? What abnormalities their deficiency might cause?

Folic acid and vitamin B12 are essential for erythropoiesis, which is the process by which red blood cells mature. Their lack may cause erythropoiesis to be ineffective, which would produce more mature, bigger cells (macrocytes). When erythrocytes don’t divide correctly due to insufficient B12 and folic acid, macrocytic anemia results.

Symptoms Indicating J.D. Might Have Iron Deficiency Anemia

J.D. ‘s gynecologist suspected iron deficiency anemia based on clinical signs such as weakness, pallor, exhaustion, and shortness of breath. These symptoms are caused by a decreased ability to carry oxygen, which is a result of inadequate hemoglobin due to an iron shortage.

Signs of Iron Deficiency Anemia

The diagnosis is supported by the results of the laboratory tests, which show a low level of ferritin (9 ng/dL), a lowered hematocrit (30.8%), and an insufficient hemoglobin (Hb) of 10.2 g/dL. Iron deficiency anemia is further confirmed by smaller, paler-than-normal microcytic, hypochromic red blood cells. However, despite the high prevalence and the impact on quality of life, ID/IDA among fertile-age women remains underdiagnosed and undertreated (Petraglia & Dolmans, 2022).

Appropriate Recommendations and Treatments for J.D.

For J.D., appropriate advice and treatments include vitamin B12 and folic acid supplements to enhance erythropoiesis, iron supplementation to replace iron storage, and a comprehensive review of NSAID use to investigate alternative pain management options.  An iron-deficient state has been associated with and causes several adverse health consequences, affecting all aspects of women’s physical and emotional well-being ( Cappellini et al., 2022). A thorough intervention plan must address fluid imbalance by controlling hydration and closely monitoring and modifying hypertension therapy.

To sum up, J.D.’s case emphasizes how interrelated the conditions contributing to iron deficiency anemia are. To restore her iron status and general well-being, a comprehensive strategy that addresses her menstrual bleeding, medication use, and related symptoms is essential for an accurate diagnosis and customized therapies.

Cardiovascular

Modifiable and Non-Modifiable Risk Factors

The modifiable ones are those that can be managed and altered to modify the course of the disease and lower the impact. Major ones include lifestyle diseases that can actively hinder the overall health status of the individual (Brown et al., 2018). For instance, conditions such as diabetes and hypertension as well as obesity all play a role in elevating the chances of acute myocardial infarct.

On the other hand, the non-modifiable ones are those that cannot be effectively controlled as they can manifest even without the onset of the condition in the first place. These often include the patient’s age and ethnicity as well as their gender and family histories (McCarthy et al., 2018). Since these are unchanging from a biological point of view, it is difficult to be able to properly account for them.

Mr. W.G.’s Expected EKG

The EKG for Mr. W.G. would probably show distinctive alterations linked to acute coronary episodes. A crushing sensation in the sternum that spreads to the neck and lower jaw is described in the case description. The EKG results may include ST-segment elevation, ST-segment depression, T-wave abnormalities, or the presence of Q waves. These symptoms are suggestive of cardiac ischemia. When sublingual nitroglycerin tablets do not relieve pain, it may be a sign of ongoing ischemia.

Laboratory Test to Confirm the Acute Myocardial Infarct

The most specific laboratory test for verifying acute myocardial infarction is troponin level measurement. When myocardial injury occurs, a cardiac biomarker called troponin is released into the bloodstream. For the diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction, elevated troponin levels are a crucial indicator of heart damage.

Temperature Increase After Myocard